The most rapid detoxification ...

The most severe state of acute alcohol intoxication bordering on comatose, require urgent treatment in specialist hospitals, where different analeptic mixture, administered intravenously, inhalation of a mixture of oxygen and CO2, forced diuresis, plasma-fluid mixture polyionic, hyperbaric oxygenation, controlled breathing. Making up loss of water carried by the introduction of 5% glucose solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution. On average, designate up to 1 liter of solution for infusion, however, infusion therapy should vary depending on the parameters of the circulation, urine output and general condition. Loss of electrolytes replenish transfusions 1% potassium chloride, the maximum amount of potassium, which is entered within 24 hours should not exceed 150 ml of 1% solution. It must be remembered that when the kidney function of potassium administration of drugs is contraindicated. Shall also be the infusion of 10-20 ml of 25% solution of magnesium sulfate and 10% calcium chloride solution, the dosage of which are set depending on the performance of water and electrolyte balance. With metabolic acidosis appoint 50-100 ml (up to 1000 ml / day) 4% solution of sodium bicarbonate intravenously under the control of acid-base balance. When metabolic alkalosis is administered not more than 150 ml of 1% solution of potassium chloride per day (with impaired renal function the administration of drugs contraindicated for potassium). To improve the rheological properties of blood (increase of its suspension properties, reduced viscosity, aggregation of formed elements, increasing the osmolarity of fluid in the bloodstream) is used vysokoosmolyarnyh infusion solutions, such as reopoliglyukin, rondeks, reoglyuman, reomakrodeks. These solutions also possess detoxication properties. However, to their use, there are certain contraindications: thrombocytopenia, renal disease with anuria (urine output less than 60 ml / h), heart failure or other contraindications for transfusion of large amounts of fluid. By reducing the filtration capacity of the kidneys or the need to limit the introduction of sodium chloride appointed reopoliglyukin with glucose. Actually spend detoxification transfusion solution gemodeza or neogemodeza (gemodez-H). The recommended single dose of these drugs - 400 ml, re-introduction - after 12 hours. Contraindications to do so: bronchial asthma, acute nephritis, cerebral hemorrhage. Used as methods to enhance the selection of alcohol through other ways: stimulation of pulmonary ventilation, sweating, diarrhea. These methods are rarely used in the Addictions, although there is some information about their effectiveness. The most rapid detoxification effect was achieved with hyperbaric oxygenation. Symptomatic treatment is aimed at maintaining vital functions: respiration, circulation, diuresis, central nervous system activity, etc. The oppression of the respiratory center appoint analeptics (2 ml 10% solution sulfokamfokaina subcutaneous, intramuscular or slow intravenous injection, 1-2 ml of 25% solution kordiamin as subcutaneous, intramuscular or slow intravenous injection), 1-2 ml of 25% solution of caffeine subcutaneously.